E.164 is a global FGFnumbering standard for both the PSTN and PLMN. Most VoIP implementations support E.164 to allow calls to be routed to and from VoIP subscribers and the PSTN/PLMN.[21] VoIP implementations can also allow other identification techniques to be used. For example, Skype allows subscribers to choose "Skype names"[22] (usernames) whereas SIP implementations can use URIs[23] similar to email addresses. Often VoIP implementations employ methods of translating non-E.164 identifiers to E.164 numbers and vice-versa, such as the Skype-In service provided by Skype[24] and the ENUM service in IMS and SIP.[25]
Echo can also be an issue for PSTN integration.[26] Common causes of echo include impedance mismatches in analog circuitry and acoustic coupling of the transmit and receive signal at the receiving end.
Echo can also be an issue for PSTN integration.[26] Common causes of echo include impedance mismatches in analog circuitry and acoustic coupling of the transmit and receive signal at the receiving end.
